Skip to content Skip to sidebar Skip to footer
Página inicial / A Line of Rulers Who Belong to the Same Family

A Line of Rulers Who Belong to the Same Family

Postar um comentário

Sequence of rulers considered members of the same family unit

"Purple house" redirects here. For royal residences, come across Palace.

The Qing Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of Red china, established in 1636 and ended in 1912, with a cursory restoration in 1917.

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the aforementioned family,[i] normally in the context of a feudal or monarchical system, merely sometimes likewise appearing in republics. Culling terms for "dynasty" may include "house", "family unit" and "clan", among others. The longest surviving dynasty in the world is the Imperial House of Japan, otherwise known as the Yamato Dynasty, whose reign is traditionally dated to 660 BC and historically attested from 781 Ad.

The dynastic family unit or lineage may be known as a "noble house",[2] which may exist styled as "imperial", "royal", "princely", "ducal", "comital", "baronial" etc., depending upon the main or nowadays championship borne by its members.

Historians periodize the histories of many states and civilizations, such as Ancient Egypt (3100 – 30 BC) and Ancient and Regal China (2070 BC – 1912 Advertizing), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may exist used to delimit the era during which a family reigned, and likewise to describe events, trends and artifacts of that period (e.thousand., "a Ming Dynasty vase"). The discussion "dynasty" itself is often dropped from such adjectival references (e.grand., "a Ming vase").

Until the 19th century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate office of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty: that is, to expand the wealth and power of his family members.[3]

Before the 20th century, dynasties throughout the world take traditionally been reckoned patrilineally, such as under the Frankish Salic law. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter normally established a new dynasty in her hubby'due south ruling house. This has changed in some places in Europe, where succession law and conventions have maintained dynasties de jure through a female. For case, the House of Windsor will be maintained through the children of Queen Elizabeth Two, as it did with the monarchy of holland, whose dynasty remained the Business firm of Orange-Nassau through three successive Queens Regnant. The earliest such example among major European monarchies was in the Russian Empire in the 18th century, where the name of the House of Romanov was maintained through Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna. This also happened in the example of Queen Maria Two of Portugal, who married Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, only whose descendants remained members of the House of Braganza, per Portuguese police. In Limpopo Province of South Africa, Balobedu adamant descent matrilineally, while rulers have at other times adopted the proper noun of their female parent'south dynasty when coming into her inheritance. Less often, a monarchy has alternated or been rotated, in a multi-dynastic (or polydynastic) organization—that is, the well-nigh senior living members of parallel dynasties, at whatsoever indicate in time, found the line of succession.

Not all feudal states or monarchies were or are ruled by dynasties; modern examples are the Vatican city State, the Principality of Andorra, and the Sovereign Armed services Hospitaller Lodge of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta. Throughout history, there were monarchs that did not belong to any dynasty; non-dynastic rulers include King Arioald of the Lombards and Emperor Phocas of the Byzantine Empire. Dynasties ruling subnational monarchies practice not possess sovereign rights; two modern examples are the monarchies of Malaysia and the royal families of the United Arab Emirates.

The word "dynasty" is sometimes used informally for people who are non rulers but are, for case, members of a family unit with influence and ability in other areas, such equally a series of successive owners of a major visitor. It is also extended to unrelated people, such as major poets of the same school or diverse rosters of a single sports squad.[i]

Etymology [edit]

The word dynasty derives from Latin dynastia , which comes from Ancient Greek δυναστεία ( dynastéia ), where it referred to 'power', 'dominion', and 'rule' itself.[iv] It was the abstract noun of δυνάστης ( dynástēs ),[5] the agent noun of δύναμις ( dynamis ) 'power" or 'ability',[half dozen] from δύναμαι ( dýnamai ) 'to exist able'.[7]

Dynasty [edit]

A ruler from a dynasty is sometimes referred to every bit a "dynast", just this term is besides used to describe whatever member of a reigning family who retains a right to succeed to a throne. For example, King Edward Viii ceased to be a dynast of the Firm of Windsor following his abdication.

In historical and monarchist references to formerly reigning families, a "dynast" is a family member who would accept had succession rights, were the monarchy'due south rules still in force. For instance, after the 1914 assassinations of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Republic of austria and his morganatic wife, their son Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg, was bypassed for the Austro-Hungarian throne because he was non a Habsburg dynast. Even subsequently the abolition of the Austrian monarchy, Duke Maximilian and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor accept they claimed that position.

The term "dynast" is sometimes used only to refer to agnatic descendants of a realm'southward monarchs, and sometimes to include those who concur succession rights through cognatic royal descent. The term can therefore draw overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example, David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon, a nephew of Queen Elizabeth II, is in the line of succession to the British crown; making him a British dynast. On the other hand, since he is not a patrilineal member of the British royal family unit, he is therefore non a dynast of the House of Windsor.

Comparatively, the German aristocrat Prince Ernst August of Hanover, a male-line descendant of King George III, possesses no legal British name, titles or styles (although he is entitled to repossess the former purple dukedom of Cumberland). He was born in the line of succession to the British throne and was leap by Britain's Royal Marriages Human action 1772 until it was repealed when the Succession to the Crown Act 2013 took outcome on 26 March 2015.[8] Thus, he requested and obtained formal permission from Queen Elizabeth II to marry the Roman Catholic Princess Caroline of Monaco in 1999. Yet, a clause of the English Act of Settlement 1701 remained in effect at that time, stipulating that dynasts who ally Roman Catholics are considered "dead" for the purpose of succession to the British throne.[ix] That exclusion, too, ceased to employ on 26 March 2015, with retroactive effect for those who had been dynasts before triggering it past marriage to a Roman Catholic.[8]

A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical house law restrictions, then that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne or other royal privileges. For example, the marriage of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands to Máxima Zorreguieta in 2002 was dynastic, making their eldest child, Princess Catharina-Amalia, the heir credible to the Crown of the Netherlands. However, the wedlock of his younger brother, Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau, in 2003 lacked authorities support and parliamentary blessing. Thus, Prince Friso forfeited his place in the order of succession to the Dutch throne, and consequently lost his championship as a "Prince of kingdom of the netherlands", and left his children without dynastic rights.

Gallery [edit]

  • Ranavalona I, from the Hova Dynasty, was Queen Regnant of Madagascar from 1828 to 1861.

Longest-lasting dynasties [edit]

Dynasties lasting at least 250 years include the following. Legendary ancient lineages that cannot be historically confirmed are not included.

Era Dynasty Length of rule
781 CE – present (attested)[a] Yamato 1241 years +
57 BCE – 935 CE Silla ca. 1000 years
950s CE – present
(championship Tuʻi Tonga to 1865 CE) 		Tonga ca. 1067 years
(ca. 910 years)
ca. 780 – 1801 CE Bagrationi ca. 1020 years
ca. 1700 BCE – 722 BCE Adaside ca. 978 years
987 – 1792 CE and 1814 – 1848 Capetian 839 years
1046–256 BCE
(military control 1046–771 BCE) 		Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou 790 years
(275 years)
37 BCE – 668 CE Goguryeo 705 years
ca. 1299 – 1922 CE Ottoman ca. 623 years
1228 – 1826 CE Ahom 598 years
1326 – 1884 CE Sisodia 558 years
1392 – 1910 CE Joseon 518 years
750 – 1258 CE Abbasid 508 years
1370 – 1857 CE Timurid 487 years
918 – 1392 CE Goryeo 474 years
247 BCE – 224 CE Arsacid 471 years
224 – 651 CE Sassanian 427 years
1010 BCE – 586 BCE Davidic 424 years
202 BCE – 9 CE, 25 – 220 CE Western Han and Eastern Han 406 years
730 BCE – 330 BCE Achaemenid 400 years
1271 – 1635 CE Yuan and Northern Yuan 364 years
1428 – 1527, 1533 – 1789 CE Lê 355 years
1440 – 1740, 1765 – 1806 CE Habsburg 341 years
1154 – 1485 CE Plantagenet 330 years
960 –1279 CE Northern Song and Southern Song 319 years
1613 – 1917 CE Romanov 304 years
916 – 1218 CE Liao and Western Liao 302 years
1616 – 1912 CE Later Jin and Qing 296 years
1368 – 1662 CE Ming and Southern Ming 294 years
305 – 30 BCE Ptolemaic 275 years
618 – 690, 705 – 907 CE Tang 274 years
1550 – 1292 BCE Thutmosid 258 years

Extant dynasties ruling sovereign monarchies [edit]

In that location are 43 sovereign states with a monarch as head of state, of which 41 are ruled by dynasties.[b] In that location are currently 26 sovereign dynasties.

Dynasty Realm Reigning monarch Dynastic founder[c] Dynastic identify of origin[d]
House of Windsor[due east] [f] Antigua and Barbuda Queen Elizabeth II King-Emperor George V[thousand] Thuringia and Bavaria
(in modernistic Frg)
Commonwealth of Commonwealth of australia[h]
Democracy of The Bahamas
Belize
Canada
Grenada
Jamaica
New Zealand[i]
Independent Country of Papua New Guinea
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Solomon Islands
Tuvalu
United Kingdom of U.k. and Northern Ireland[j]
House of Khalifa Kingdom of Bahrain King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed Najd
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Belgium[grand] Kingdom of Belgium King Philippe King Albert I[l] Thuringia and Bavaria
(in modern Germany)
Wangchuck Dynasty Kingdom of Kingdom of bhutan Druk Gyalpo Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck Druk Gyalpo Ugyen Wangchuck Kingdom of bhutan
Firm of Bolkiah Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Sultan Muhammad Shah Tarim in Hadhramaut[1000]
(in mod Republic of yemen)
Business firm of Norodom[northward] Kingdom of Cambodia King Norodom Sihamoni Rex Norodom Prohmbarirak Cambodia
House of Glücksburg[o] Denmark[p] Queen Margrethe Ii Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Glücksburg
(in mod Deutschland)
Kingdom of Norway King Harald Five
Firm of Dlamini Kingdom of Eswatini King Mswati 3 Chief Dlamini I Eastward Africa
Imperial House of Nippon[q] Japan Emperor Naruhito Emperor Jimmu[r] Nara
(in modern Japan)
House of Hashim[s] Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Male monarch Abdullah 2 King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi Hejaz
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
Business firm of Sabah State of Kuwait Emir Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Sheikh Sabah I bin Jaber Najd
(in modern Saudi Arabia)
House of Moshesh Lesotho King Letsie III Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe I Lesotho
House of Liechtenstein Principality of Liechtenstein Prince Hans-Adam Ii Prince Karl I Lower Austria
(in modernistic Austria)
Firm of Grand duchy of luxembourg-Nassau[t] Grand Duchy of Luxembourg M Knuckles Henri Grand Knuckles Adolphe Nassau
(in modern Frg)
Bendahara Dynasty[u] Malaysia[v] Yang di-Pertuan Agong Abdullah Bendahara Tun Habib Abdul Majid Johor
(in modern Malaysia)
House of Grimaldi Principality of Monaco Prince Albert Ii François Grimaldi Genoa
(in modern Italian republic)
'Alawi Dynasty Kingdom of Kingdom of morocco King Mohammed VI Sultan Abul Amlak Sidi Muhammad as-Sharif ibn 'Ali Tafilalt
(in modern Kingdom of morocco)
House of Orangish-Nassau[due west] Kingdom of the Netherlands[x] King Willem-Alexander Prince William I Nassau
(in modernistic Germany)
House of Busaid Sultanate of Oman Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Sultan Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi Yemen
House of Thani Country of Qatar Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed Najd
(in modernistic Saudi Arabia)
House of Saud Kingdom of saudi arabia King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Emir Saud I Diriyah
(in modern Kingdom of saudi arabia)
Firm of Borbón-Anjou[y] Espana King Felipe VI King Philip Five Bourbon-l'Archambault
(in modernistic France)
House of Bernadotte Kingdom of Sweden Male monarch Carl Xvi Gustaf Male monarch Charles Fourteen John Pau
(in mod France)
Chakri Dynasty Kingdom of Thailand King Vajiralongkorn Rex Rama I Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
(in modern Thailand)
House of Tupou Kingdom of Tonga King Tupou VI King George Tupou I Tonga
House of Nahyan[z] United Arab Emirates[aa] President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa Al Nahyan Liwa Oasis
(in modern United Arab Emirates)

Political dynasties in republics and constitutional monarchies [edit]

Though in elected governments, rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals in the elected positions of republics, and constitutional monarchies. Eminence, influence, tradition, genetics, and nepotism may contribute to the miracle.

Family dictatorships are a dissimilar concept in which political ability passes within a family because of the overwhelming authority of the leader, rather than informal ability accrued to the family.

Some not-monarchical political dynasties:

  • Street family of Australia
  • Family of Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh
  • Family of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh
  • Family of Aung San of Myanmar (Burma)
  • House of Medici of Florence
  • Nehru–Gandhi family of India
  • Family of M. Karunanidhi of Bharat
  • Jinnah family of Pakistan and Bharat
  • Bhutto family of Islamic republic of pakistan
  • Sharif family of Pakistan
  • Chiang family of the Taiwan
  • Family of Sukarno of Indonesia
  • Koirala family of Nepal
  • Somoza family of Nicaragua
  • Lee family of Singapore
  • Family of Solomon Westward Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
  • Trudeau family unit of Canada
  • Adams family of the United States
  • Bush family of the U.s.a.
  • Clinton family unit of the United States
  • Cuomo family of the United States
  • Harrison family unit of Virginia of the U.s.
  • Kennedy family of the United States
  • Kheshgi family of Afghanistan, India and Pakistan
  • Lee family unit of the Us
  • Long family of the United States
  • Roosevelt family of the Usa
  • Taft family of the United states of america
  • Udall family unit of the United States

Influential and wealthy families [edit]

  • The Agnelli family unit (Italy)
  • The Ambani family (Bharat)
  • The Cheongju Han association (Korea)
  • The Anheuser family (The states)
  • The Arison family (United States)
  • The Asper family (Canada)
  • The Astor family (United States and United Kingdom)
  • The Bamford family unit (United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland)
  • The Bacardi family (Cuba and United States)
  • The Bancroft family unit (United States)
  • The Baring family (United Kingdom)
  • The Bazalgette family unit (United Kingdom)
  • The Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler family unit (Germany)
  • The Bertarelli family (Italy and Switzerland)
  • The Bhutto family (Pakistan)
  • The Botín family (Espana)
  • The Bonnier family (Sweden)
  • The Bronfman family unit (Canada)
  • The Bulgari family (Italy)
  • The Bush-league family (United States)
  • The Busch family (United States)
  • The Cabot family unit (U.s.)
  • The Cadbury family (United Kingdom)
  • The Carnegie family (U.s.a.)
  • The Cholmondeley family unit (United Kingdom)
  • The Churchill family / The Spencer-Churchill family (Great britain)
  • The Chung family unit (South korea)
  • The Cojuangco family (Philippines)
  • The Conran family (U.k.)
  • The Curzon family (Britain)
  • The Darwin–Wedgwood family (United kingdom)
  • The Desmarais family (Canada)
  • The Disney family (U.s.a.)
  • The Du Pont family (The states)
  • The Egerton family (Britain)
  • The Faber-Castell family (Germany)
  • The Fabergé family unit (Russia and United Kingdom)
  • The Fleming family (United Kingdom)
  • The Florio family unit (Italy)
  • The Forbes family (United States)
  • The Forbes family unit (publishers) (United states)
  • The Ford family (Usa)
  • The Forte family (Britain)
  • The Freud family (Austria and United Kingdom)
  • The Fugger family (Germany)
  • The Getty family (U.s.a.)
  • The Goldsmith family (Sweden and Uk)
  • The Gooderham family (Canada)
  • The Gough-Calthorpe family (United Kingdom)
  • The Grosvenor family unit (United Kingdom)
  • The Guggenheim family (United States)
  • The Guinness family (Ireland)
  • The Gyllenhaal family (Sweden and United States)
  • The Hearst family (United States)
  • The Heinz family (United States)
  • The Harmsworth family (Britain)
  • The Hilton family (United States)
  • The Howard family (United Kingdom)
  • The Irving family (Canada)
  • The Jinnah family (India and Pakistan)
  • The Kennedy family (United States)
  • The Keswick family (East asia and United Kingdom)
  • The Kheshgi family (South Asia)
  • The Kim family (North Korea)
  • The Koç family (Turkey)
  • The Koo family (South korea)
  • The Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach family unit (Germany)
  • The Lascelles family unit (United Kingdom)
  • The Latsis family (Hellenic republic)
  • The Lee family (Commonwealth of Korea)
  • The Lee family (United States)
  • The Lehman family (U.s.a.)
  • The Li family (China)
  • The Livingston family (United states of america)
  • The Loredan family (Italian republic)
  • The Louis-Dreyfus family unit (France and Us)
  • The Mason family (U.s.)
  • The McCormick family (United States)
  • The Medici family unit (Italy)
  • The Mellon family unit (United States)
  • The Mendelssohn family unit (Europe)
  • The Merck family unit (Germany and United States)
  • The Mirvish family (Canada)
  • The Mittal family unit (United Kingdom and India)
  • The Molson family unit (Canada)
  • The Molyneux family (Great britain)
  • The Montefiore family (Morocco, Italy and United Kingdom)
  • The Morgan family (United States)
  • The Murdoch family (Australia and Usa)
  • The Newhouse family (Usa)
  • The Oppenheim family unit (Germany)
  • The Oppenheimer family (Southward Africa)
  • The Packer Family unit (Australia)
  • The Pattison family (Canada)
  • The Peugeot family (French republic)
  • The Porsche–Piëch family (Austria)
  • The Premji family unit (India)
  • The Pritzker family (United states)
  • The Rausing family (Sweden and Britain)
  • The Redpath family (Canada)
  • The Roosevelt family (United States)
  • The Rothschild family (France and United Kingdom)
  • The Rockefeller family (United States)
  • The Rupert family (Southward Africa)
  • The Sackler family (United States)
  • The Sainsbury family (Great britain)
  • The Sassoon family unit (Iraq, Republic of india, Red china and Uk)
  • The Sawiris family (Egypt)
  • The Schröder family unit (Uk)
  • The Shinawatra family unit (Thailand)
  • The Spencer family (Great britain)
  • The Stroganov family (Russian federation and Eastern Europe)
  • The Sulzberger family (United States)
  • The Swire family (East Asia and United kingdom)
  • The Taft family (United States)
  • The Taittinger family unit (France)
  • The Tata family (India)
  • The Thomson family (Canada)
  • The Thynne family (United Kingdom)
  • The Thyssen family (Germany)
  • The Tjin-A-Djie family (Suriname)
  • The Tolstoy family (Russian federation and United Kingdom)
  • The Toyoda family (Japan)
  • The Trump family (United States)
  • The Vanderbilt family unit (United States)
  • The Villiers family (United kingdom)
  • The Wallenberg family (Sweden)
  • The Walton family (U.s.a.)
  • The Warburg family unit (Germany)
  • The Welser family (Germany)
  • The Weston family (Canada)
  • The Whitney family (United States)
  • The Wittgenstein family unit (Austria)
  • The Zardari family (Pakistan)
  • The Zobel de Ayala family unit (Philippines)

See likewise [edit]

  • Cadet branch
  • Republic realm
  • Conquest dynasty
  • Dynastic bicycle
  • Dynastic guild
  • Dynastic marriage
  • Elective monarchy
  • Family dictatorship
  • Family seat
  • Heads of former ruling families
  • Hereditary monarchy
  • Iranian Intermezzo
  • List of current constituent monarchs
  • List of current monarchies
  • List of electric current monarchs of sovereign states
  • Listing of empires
  • List of family trees
  • List of kingdoms and regal dynasties
  • List of largest empires
  • Listing of monarchies
  • List of noble houses
  • Non-sovereign monarchy
  • Realm
  • Imperial family
  • Majestic household
  • Royal intermarriage
  • Self-proclaimed monarchy

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ The claimed founding appointment of 660 BCE is non counted in this table due to its unattested nature.
  2. ^ Existing sovereign entities ruled by non-dynastic monarchs include:
  3. ^ The founder of a dynasty demand not necessarily equate to the first monarch of a particular realm. For instance, while William I was the dynastic founder of the Firm of Orangish-Nassau which currently rules over the Kingdom of the netherlands, he was never a monarch of the Kingdom of holland.
  4. ^ Not to be confused with dynastic seat.
  5. ^ The House of Windsor is descended from the Business firm of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a co-operative of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.
  6. ^ A sovereign country with Elizabeth Two as its monarch and head of state is known equally a Commonwealth realm.
  7. ^ George V was formerly a member of the Firm of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha before AD 1917.
  8. ^ Including:
  9. ^ The Realm of New Zealand consists of:
  10. ^ Including: The crown dependencies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Subject area of Jersey, and the Isle of Human are neither part of the Great britain nor British overseas territories.
  11. ^ The House of Kingdom of belgium is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was inverse from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Kingdom of belgium" in Advertizement 1920.
  12. ^ Albert I was formerly a fellow member of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha before AD 1920.
  13. ^ Claimed by the imperial house, simply the historicity is questionable.
  14. ^ The Business firm of Norodom is a branch of the Varman dynasty.
  15. ^ The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is a branch of the Firm of Oldenburg.
  16. ^ Including:
  17. ^ The Imperial House of Japan, or the Yamato dynasty, is the world's oldest continuous dynasty. The dynasty has produced an unbroken succession of Japanese monarchs since the legendary founding year of 660 BC.
  18. ^ Near historians regard Emperor Jimmu to have been a mythical ruler. Emperor Ōjin, traditionally considered the 15th emperor, is the first who is generally thought to have existed, while Emperor Kinmei, the 29th emperor according to traditional historiography, is the beginning monarch for whom verifiable regnal dates can exist assigned.
  19. ^ The Business firm of Hashim is descended from Banu Qatada, which was a branch of the House of Ali.
  20. ^ The Firm of Grand duchy of luxembourg-Nassau is descended from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, which is a branch of the Business firm of Nassau and the Business firm of Bourbon-Parma.
  21. ^ The Bendahara dynasty is the ruling dynasty of Pahang Darul Makmur and Terengganu. The Sultan of Pahang is the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
  22. ^ The throne of Malaysia rotates among the ix elective monarchies of Malaysia, each ruled by a dynasty. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers.
  23. ^ The House of Orange-Nassau is a co-operative of the Firm of Nassau. Additionally, Willem-Alexander is likewise linked to the Business firm of Lippe through Beatrix of the Netherlands.
  24. ^ The Kingdom of kingdom of the netherlands consists of:
  25. ^ The Business firm of Borbón-Anjou is a branch of the House of Bourbon.
  26. ^ The House of Nahyan is the ruling dynasty of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Emir of Abu Dhabi is the incumbent President of the United Arab Emirates.
  27. ^ The President of the United Arab Emirates is elected by the Federal Supreme Council. The office has been held by the Emir of Abu Dhabi since the formation of the United Arab Emirates in Advertizement 1971.

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b Oxford English Lexicon, 1st ed. "dynasty, due north." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.
  2. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, third ed. "business firm, n.¹ and int, 10. b." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2011.
  3. ^ Thomson, David (1961). "The Institutions of Monarchy". Europe Since Napoleon . New York: Knopf. pp. 79–80. The bones idea of monarchy was the idea that hereditary right gave the best title to political power...The dangers of disputed succession were best avoided by hereditary succession: ruling families had a natural interest in passing on to their descendants enhanced ability and prestige...Frederick the Bully of Prussia, Catherine the Nifty of Russia, Maria Theresa of Austria, were alike infatuated with the thought of strengthening their power, centralizing government in their own hands as against local and feudal privileges, and and then acquiring more accented authority in the country. Moreover, the very dynastic rivalries and conflicts between these eighteenth-century monarchs drove them to look for always more efficient methods of government
  4. ^ Liddell, Henry George & al. A Greek–English language Lexicon: " δυναστεία ". Hosted by Tufts University'south Perseus Project.
  5. ^ Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: " δυνάστης ".
  6. ^ Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: " δύναμις ".
  7. ^ Liddell & al. " δύναμαι ".
  8. ^ a b Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date).
  9. ^ "Monaco royal taken seriously sick". BBC News. London. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 27 January 2013.

ayalabuis1975.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynasty

Postar um comentário for "A Line of Rulers Who Belong to the Same Family"